Assessment of Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 OLI for Small-Scale Inland Water Quality Modeling and Monitoring Based on Handheld Hyperspectral Ground Truthing

This study investigates the best available methods for remote monitoring inland small-scale waterbodies, using sensing data from both Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 satellites, utilizing a handheld hyperspectral device ground truthing. Monitoring was conducted to evaluate water quality indicators: chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM), turbidity. Ground truthing performed select most suitable atmospheric correction technique (ACT). Several ACT have been tested: dark spectrum fitting (DSF), object subtraction (DOS), topographic (ATCOR), exponential extrapolation (EXP). Classical sampling first; then, resulting concentrations were compared those obtained analysis by above-mentioned ACT. research revealed that DOS DSF achieved performance (an advantage ranging between 29% 47%). Further, we demonstrated appropriateness of use red vegetation edge reciprocal bands 1 / B 4 × 6 estimating Chl-a ( id="M2"> R 2 = 0.82 , id="M3"> RMSE 14.52 mg m 3 ). As Landsat-8, near-infrared ratio id="M4"> 5 ) produced performing model id="M5"> 0.71 id="M6"> 39.88 ), but it did not perform as well Sentinel-2. Regarding turbidity, id="M7"> 0.85 id="M8"> 0.87 NTU) utilized single band (B4), while (with id="M9"> 0.64 id="M10"> 0.90 applying two id="M11"> Mapping parameters biooptical showed significant effect adjacent land on boundary pixels deeper water.